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Many tools available for download from the Internet, such as Ettercap, can accomplish such a task, and preventing such attacks is quite problematic. An attacker on a fast enough host can capture and forward packets so that victims do not notice any change in their network access. The attacker then forwards user traffic to the real default gateway. In one common attack, the attacker pretends to be the default gateway and sends out a gratuitous Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) to the network so that users send their traffic through the attacker rather than the default gateway.
Attackers spoof their MAC address to perform a man-in-the-middle (MiTM) attack. MAC spoofing attacks are attacks launched by clients on a Layer 2 network.
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